In the non-ferrous metal ore flotation process flotation agent xanthate is important, it is the most important thiol (- SH) collector. It sulfide ore heavy metals, precious metals having a selective collector role for the heavy metal oxide ore, such as white lead ore, lead sulfate, silver ore angle, can also be used xanthate, especially senior xanthate flotation.
The relationship between the molecular structure of xanthate and flotation performance is generally that the longer the carbon chain in the xanthate molecule, the stronger its capture effect; the effect of the branched isomer on the linear chain Strong. Methyl xanthate has no practical value in flotation because of its weak ability to capture.
As far as the relationship between the floatability of minerals and xanthate is concerned, the metal ions of a certain mineral and the salts formed by xanthogen have a higher solubility, and the more difficult it is to float. Salts such as iron salts and zinc xanthate lower solubility in water is large, not be able to lower xanthate flotation or pyrrhotite sphalerite (unless previously fossil be activated). On the other hand, zinc cetyl xanthate is hardly soluble in water, so cetyl xanthate can be used as a collector of sphalerite.
In the flotation of minerals, the consumption of xanthate is mainly in three aspects: the formation of a hydrophobic film on the floating minerals; the necessary concentration in the pulp; and the reaction of ions present in the pulp to form insoluble salts. In addition, when a large amount of slime is present, a part of the xanthate is consumed due to its adsorption. When xanthate flotation complex process was not completely cover the monolayer to be formed on the mineral surface.
When flotation of non-ferrous metal sulfide ore, the amount of xanthate is generally 50~100 g/t . When copper oxide ore processing or lead, such as white lead, malachite, xanthate consumption may be up to 1 kg / t or more; if used in xanthate flotation purposes but not as a heavy metal collector When the ion precipitant is used, the consumption of xanthate is also high. In the flotation of lead-zinc ore, copper ore, copper-zinc ore, lead ore, zinc ore and gold ore, no matter one operation or multiple operations, it is generally a collector based on xanthate. In the dosing sequence, it is generally first to add a conditioning agent, and then add xanthate. When using xanthate, it is generally in weak alkaline pulp.
When flotation of pyrite with xanthate, it is more suitable to use ethylxanthate. According to reports, after adding the activator copper sulfate, a mixed emulsifier added with xanthate, rosinate, pine oil and water is better than the divided addition, and the drug can be saved.
The separation process of chalcopyrite and pyrite is generally to suppress pyrite with lime and flotation of chalcopyrite with low-grade xanthate. Then reduce the pH value of the pulp , and then use the high-grade xanthate flotation of pyrite. If the content of pyrite is high, it is generally first to pass the air in the adjustment tank to oxidize the pyrite to separate the chalcopyrite. Easy to carry out.
In the case of sphalerite, the pure zinc blende with a clean surface has a low floatability, but after activation with a copper salt, the surface easily adsorbs copper ions and becomes easy to float; sodium cyanide is resistant to copper ion adsorption. An effective agent; an agent for desorbing a copper ion activation membrane, such as sodium cyanide, high-sulfur sulfate, sulfuric acid, and the like. At high pH , sodium cyanide and sodium sulfide are also effective agents for preventing the adsorption of xanthate or desorbing xanthate.
The low-grade xanthate (such as ethyl xanthate and butyl xanthate) for galena is easy to float; copper sulfide, chalcopyrite, copper blue, sulfur drill, silver sulfide ore, etc. can be floated with low-grade yellow medicine. Selection; Chensha, light red silver ore and brittle silver mine can be floated with amyl yellow medicine; yellow medicine can be used to float color key lead ore, ore deposit, or separate key minerals and secret; use yellow medicine flotation of realgar ore And bismuth ore, need to be activated with heavy metal salts; xanthate can also be used for flotation of natural metal minerals, such as gold, copper and other minerals, flotation gold mine can be mixed with xanthate and black medicine.
Xanthate can also float minerals of heavy metal oxide salts. For example, flotation of lead sulfate and angle silver ore with ethyl xanthate; flotation of malachite and azurite with pentyl xanthate, rhombohedral, vanadium ore, vanadium, lead and zinc ore; flotation of white lead must be used Advanced yellow medicine.
The relationship between the molecular structure of xanthate and flotation performance is generally that the longer the carbon chain in the xanthate molecule, the stronger its capture effect; the effect of the branched isomer on the linear chain Strong. Methyl xanthate has no practical value in flotation because of its weak ability to capture.
As far as the relationship between the floatability of minerals and xanthate is concerned, the metal ions of a certain mineral and the salts formed by xanthogen have a higher solubility, and the more difficult it is to float. Salts such as iron salts and zinc xanthate lower solubility in water is large, not be able to lower xanthate flotation or pyrrhotite sphalerite (unless previously fossil be activated). On the other hand, zinc cetyl xanthate is hardly soluble in water, so cetyl xanthate can be used as a collector of sphalerite.
In the flotation of minerals, the consumption of xanthate is mainly in three aspects: the formation of a hydrophobic film on the floating minerals; the necessary concentration in the pulp; and the reaction of ions present in the pulp to form insoluble salts. In addition, when a large amount of slime is present, a part of the xanthate is consumed due to its adsorption. When xanthate flotation complex process was not completely cover the monolayer to be formed on the mineral surface.
When flotation of non-ferrous metal sulfide ore, the amount of xanthate is generally 50~100 g/t . When copper oxide ore processing or lead, such as white lead, malachite, xanthate consumption may be up to 1 kg / t or more; if used in xanthate flotation purposes but not as a heavy metal collector When the ion precipitant is used, the consumption of xanthate is also high. In the flotation of lead-zinc ore, copper ore, copper-zinc ore, lead ore, zinc ore and gold ore, no matter one operation or multiple operations, it is generally a collector based on xanthate. In the dosing sequence, it is generally first to add a conditioning agent, and then add xanthate. When using xanthate, it is generally in weak alkaline pulp.
When flotation of pyrite with xanthate, it is more suitable to use ethylxanthate. According to reports, after adding the activator copper sulfate, a mixed emulsifier added with xanthate, rosinate, pine oil and water is better than the divided addition, and the drug can be saved.
The separation process of chalcopyrite and pyrite is generally to suppress pyrite with lime and flotation of chalcopyrite with low-grade xanthate. Then reduce the pH value of the pulp , and then use the high-grade xanthate flotation of pyrite. If the content of pyrite is high, it is generally first to pass the air in the adjustment tank to oxidize the pyrite to separate the chalcopyrite. Easy to carry out.
In the case of sphalerite, the pure zinc blende with a clean surface has a low floatability, but after activation with a copper salt, the surface easily adsorbs copper ions and becomes easy to float; sodium cyanide is resistant to copper ion adsorption. An effective agent; an agent for desorbing a copper ion activation membrane, such as sodium cyanide, high-sulfur sulfate, sulfuric acid, and the like. At high pH , sodium cyanide and sodium sulfide are also effective agents for preventing the adsorption of xanthate or desorbing xanthate.
The low-grade xanthate (such as ethyl xanthate and butyl xanthate) for galena is easy to float; copper sulfide, chalcopyrite, copper blue, sulfur drill, silver sulfide ore, etc. can be floated with low-grade yellow medicine. Selection; Chensha, light red silver ore and brittle silver mine can be floated with amyl yellow medicine; yellow medicine can be used to float color key lead ore, ore deposit, or separate key minerals and secret; use yellow medicine flotation of realgar ore And bismuth ore, need to be activated with heavy metal salts; xanthate can also be used for flotation of natural metal minerals, such as gold, copper and other minerals, flotation gold mine can be mixed with xanthate and black medicine.
Xanthate can also float minerals of heavy metal oxide salts. For example, flotation of lead sulfate and angle silver ore with ethyl xanthate; flotation of malachite and azurite with pentyl xanthate, rhombohedral, vanadium ore, vanadium, lead and zinc ore; flotation of white lead must be used Advanced yellow medicine.
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