Compared with Japan and South Korea's shipbuilding industry, China's shipbuilding industry still has some problems that cannot be ignored in terms of resource consumption. The gap with the world's advanced level is still very obvious. The Shipbuilding Industry Management Office of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense recently announced the "analysis of the energy consumption of the shipbuilding industry", pointing out that China's shipbuilding industry is mainly affected by four aspects in terms of resource consumption.
According to the analysis report, the first four aspects are that the development model is still relatively extensive. Most shipbuilding enterprises in China are accustomed to developing the shipbuilding economy by means of extension and reproduction, and the ability to control and reduce the consumption of shipbuilding resources is still insufficient, resulting in low resource utilization efficiency.
Zhang Changtao, a researcher at the China National Shipbuilding Industry Research Center, analyzed that in terms of resource utilization efficiency, taking electricity and steel consumption as an example, the average power consumption of Japanese shipbuilding enterprises in the value of 10,000 US dollars is about 350 degrees, while most of China's shipbuilding enterprises are about three times that of Japanese companies; China's per-tonne-contracted ship consumes 0.39 tons of steel, which is about 2.8 times that of Japan and 1.6 times that of South Korea. If the utilization rate of steel products, which accounts for more than 20% of the production cost of marine products, is calculated, the current steel utilization rate of China's shipbuilding industry is 87%. The utilization rate of steel in Japan and South Korea has reached 92%-95%, and the gap is very obvious. If the steel utilization rate is increased by 1 percentage point, it can save 20,000 tons of steel and save nearly 100 million yuan.
Second is the low level of design, manufacturing technology and technology. At present, China's ship product design and manufacturing technology level is relatively backward, resource utilization is low, China's equivalent tonnage of hull design weight is higher than Japan and South Korea about 10%. In addition, the level of shipbuilding precision management is not high, and the segmented production capacity of China's backbone shipbuilding enterprises is around 65%, which brings a lot of correction work. Due to the relatively low dressing rate of the sub- (total) section in China, the phenomenon of repeated burning of coatings is more common, which makes the workload of recoating high, and the consumption of paint is about 20% higher than that of foreign countries, resulting in an increase in power consumption.
Han Shangwei, former manager of the Northern Territory of the Norwegian Classification Society, believes that China's shipbuilding industry now has certain independent design and construction capabilities, but overall, the overall level is roughly 15 years from Japan, and the gap with South Korea is 10 years. The design capability of the basic ship type of Chinese shipyards is poor and limited. It relies on some design institutes in China and foreign design institutes, which brings many drawbacks to the shipyard.
Third, some production equipment is seriously aging, and resource utilization efficiency is low. Due to the lack of equipment renewal funds, some shipbuilding companies still use many backward production processes and production equipment that are eliminated by the state, such as old industrial boilers, transformers and other power equipment and aging power transmission lines, as well as heat-treating furnaces with higher energy consumption. Industrial furnaces, forging and other thermal processing equipment. These devices have high energy consumption and low efficiency, and waste a lot of resources in the production process.
Fourth, there is a lack of effective energy conservation and consumption reduction management systems and mechanisms. The management organization is not perfect, there is no special management personnel and technical personnel, nor is there a corresponding supervision and evaluation index to be bound, and the responsibility is not implemented. In particular, in the innovation and promotion mechanism of energy saving and consumption reduction technology, it has not attracted enough attention and lacks specialized institutions and strengths.
The expert of the Expert Advisory Committee of the National Defense Science and Technology Commission and the executive director of the Shanghai Shipbuilding Engineering Society said that "green shipbuilding" is the development direction of the shipbuilding and offshore engineering equipment manufacturing industry. In this regard, he suggested that in order to promote the development of "green shipbuilding", relevant departments should formulate a green shipbuilding technical economic indicator system for the development of the shipbuilding industry including efficiency, efficiency, energy conservation, consumption reduction, pollution reduction and other indicators for evaluation.
Zhang Changtao believes that in order to make the whole shipbuilding industry more aware of the significance of "green shipbuilding", some key enterprises that have begun to implement "green shipbuilding" should take the lead in summing up experience and promoting it in the industry, through energy conservation and consumption reduction work for key enterprises. Demonstration effect, increase the promotion and application of advanced energy saving technology. At the same time, he proposed to further explore the establishment of an incentive mechanism for energy conservation and consumption reduction, and form a correct interest-oriented mechanism to encourage enterprises to save energy and reduce consumption.
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