** Representatives call for the development of new energy bus governance haze

It is reported that during the two sessions of the provinces, 24 provinces across the country mentioned air quality, that is, nearly 80% of the local councils paid attention to the haze phenomenon in the central and eastern regions and the ecological environment and air quality problems in the provinces. According to relevant industry analysis, automobile exhaust emissions are one of the important causes of haze phenomena. Urban buses are mainly diesel vehicles, and they are mainly operated in urban areas for long periods of time. They have large fuel consumption and are one of the major sources of pollution for urban atmospheric particulates.

According to an article written by the Deputy Secretary-General of the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, Ye Shengji, the total amount of 5.2 million vehicles in Beijing is about 300,000 commercial vehicles such as buses and buses, and 300,000 commercial vehicles. Emissions of pollutants accounted for about 50% of the city's total vehicle emissions. It can be seen that the exhaust emissions of commercial vehicles, represented by large-scale public transport in the city, have a considerable degree of influence on urban air quality.

In view of this situation, during the two sessions this year, Tang Yuxiang, the NPC deputy and president of Zhengzhou Yutong Group Co., Ltd., submitted to the two sessions “The Proposal Concerning Accelerating Popularization and Popularization of Regular Hybrid Buses and Increasing the Demonstration Scale of Pure Electric Driven Buses”. The motion analyzed in depth the significance and value of accelerating the promotion of energy-saving and new energy buses for the current situation, as well as the problems and implementation effects in the process of actual promotion. At the same time, specific proposals for the promotion of new energy public transportation were given.

Reduce two dimensions of public transport pollution The website of the Ministry of Public Security stated that as of the end of 2012, Chinese automobile drivers exceeded 200 million people for the first time, and the number of motor vehicles reached 240 million. China, which has entered the automobile society at aircraft speed, is suffering from car disasters. Infinite, slow-moving car dragons seem to appear like ghosts and disappear into thick fog.

The warnings issued by the continuous haze increase the voice of choosing public transport to travel. Buses closely related to public transportation are naturally the main force for their development. Experts pointed out that if the calculation is based on the same transport of 100 passengers in the urban area, the length of the road occupied by the former is 1/9 of that of the latter, and the fuel consumption is 1/5 of that of the latter. Can be reduced to 1/15.

For this reason, giving priority to the development of public transportation is the best way to solve congestion, road environmental pollution and energy consumption. This has been proved by many international metropolises such as Tokyo, New York and London.

Give priority to bus development, what is the priority? Tang Yuxiang believes that in addition to increasing the sharing rate of bus trips, it is also necessary to reduce the emissions of bus pollution. There are two dimensions. One is to focus on the present, that is, to speed up the promotion and popularization of conventional hybrid buses. One is to focus on the future, that is, to increase the demonstration scale of pure electric vehicles.

According to statistics, the total number of city buses in China is about 500,000. Calculating the fuel consumption of 40 liters per 100 kilometers in a 12-meter diesel city bus, using hybrid technology to save fuel by 25%, saving 10 liters per 100 kilometers, and accumulating 10,000 liters per 100 kilometers, according to the present The oil price is about 80,000 yuan in fuel savings, and the effect of energy conservation and emission reduction is very obvious. A 12-meter-long bus can carry nearly 100 passengers. Therefore, if we want to achieve green cities to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, we must put more effort on green public transport.

Buss that have clearly defined public welfare attributes are the vehicles for representing national and local government attitudes. If hybrid buses can be widely promoted, one can deepen public awareness, and secondly, it can demonstrate the government’s determination.

“It is recommended that the government expedite the promotion and popularization of conventional hybrid buses and increase the demonstration scale of pure electric power buses to promote the development of new energy enterprises' industries and create a win-win situation for social development, public life quality improvement and industrial development.” Tang Yuxiang analyzed and pointed out , Promotion of energy-saving and new energy buses can significantly reduce the pressure on urban environmental governance, have important demonstration significance for energy conservation and emission reduction, and can drive the rapid development of new energy automotive industry and technology.

Previous studies have shown that the PM2.5 emissions of new energy buses can be reduced by more than 90% compared with diesel vehicles. “Promoting energy-saving and new energy buses and increasing emission control of diesel vehicles” is to reduce PM2.5 and improve air quality in large and medium-sized cities. One of the most effective ways of quality.

To achieve "zero emissions", pure electric vehicles are the best solution currently recognized in the world. When there is still a huge development bottleneck in this market, priority is given to the development of electric buses, which are more suitable for the current industrial environment. Public transportation is a segment of the market that has a relatively fixed route of travel and use, and can be charged at a relatively fixed site, which reduces the reliance on charging facilities. Moreover, from the point of view of energy consumption, although the number of cars involved in public transportation is small, the consumption of energy is very large.

As a matter of fact, the “Ten Thousand Cities Project” that was launched in 2009 was aimed at controlling urban bus exhaust pollution and advocating green and low-carbon travel. The project plans to develop 10 cities every year for about 3 years. Each city will launch 1,000 new energy vehicles to carry out demonstration operations involving public transportation, rental, public service, municipal administration and postal services in these large and medium-sized cities. The scale of operation of new energy vehicles will account for 10% of the automotive market share by 2012. Relevant forecasts show that as of March 2013, the country's cumulative promotion of energy-saving and new energy buses will exceed 18,000 vehicles.

Pollution control, prevention of blockage and energy saving are many things. It is the status quo and poor air quality of large cities and towns in the country that have made every effort to build a “bus city” in the past few years. The limited effectiveness of measures such as blocking fees, restrictions on purchases, and restrictions on access, and even causing public dislikes, are all due to these measures being rather than sparse. The story of the flood control of the floods has already told people that similar problems in governance are focused on evacuation rather than blindly blocking. In the face of serious urban congestion problems, the development of public transport is the fundamental policy.

On the other hand, the relevant survey and analysis show that the use of diesel in the city's large buses is one of the "recurring crimes" of PM2.5 emissions. Based on this, it can be inferred that with the improvement of public transportation in cities, the number of buses will also increase rapidly. If these buses can significantly reduce emissions, the air quality of cities will be greatly improved.

There is also a negative example here. According to reports, 33 cities in Germany have recently been warned by the European Union or received large fines because of poor air quality. The latest statistics show that the air quality of many EU countries has not met the standard, and nitrogen oxide emissions in 12 countries exceeded the limit. The main cause of excessive nitrogen oxides is traffic pollution. Over the past 20 years, the European Union has imposed strict exhaust emission standards on traditional vehicles, but the results have not been as expected.

From this point of view, large-scale buses using energy-saving and new energy vehicles, and fundamentally reduce the actual use of diesel, may be a more effective choice.

Relevant information shows that China’s dependence on foreign oil has reached as high as 60%, far exceeding the 50% international energy security cordon, developing energy-saving and new energy industries, and reducing the degree of dependence on oil is an urgent need for China’s energy security strategy. At this stage, it is difficult to promote new energy vehicles in the private car sector due to factors such as accelerated personal driving experience and high purchase costs. Bus as an important public transport infrastructure in the city will be promoted more quickly and effectively. Moreover, buses are basically running on the roads in the city. The mileage is short, the driving sections are relatively fixed and the speed is not fast, and the impediments to the implementation of energy-saving and new energy vehicles, such as charging and changing of electricity, are also more easily overcome.

It is understood that China's energy-saving and new energy passenger cars have already met the conditions for large-scale commercial applications at this stage, especially hybrid buses and purely electric-driven passenger cars. The technology is relatively mature, and the demonstration and promotion effect in some cities is also good. If more efforts are made to promote the use of energy-saving and new-energy vehicles in a large number of buses, it will not only be conducive to the rapid development of the new energy industry, but also the establishment of a good public image of the government focusing on low-carbon environmental protection.

Although the current pilot program for energy-saving and new energy buses has achieved certain results, it will face many practical problems to further speed up development: the basic construction of supporting facilities is not yet in place, and the problems of charging and refueling are not as fast as traditional car refueling. Convenient; The most important thing is that the energy-saving and new energy bus products market is small in scale and the cost is high. It does not yet have the full competitiveness with traditional fuel vehicles. This shows that energy-saving and new energy buses are emerging areas of the bus industry. If they really want to enter the market and become the main force of environmental protection in cities, both government subsidies and corporate reforms must be strengthened.

Representative Tang Yuxiang suggested that the promotion of energy-saving and new energy public transportation should be implemented in three aspects: First, the policy of supporting financial subsidies for energy-saving and new energy vehicles should be extended, and the promotion of popularization of hybrid buses should be accelerated. It is recommended that hybrid buses continue to be given Financial subsidies support, and expand the scope of policy support, as soon as possible to achieve the scale of new energy applications to achieve economic scale; Second, increase the demonstration scale of pure electric drive buses based on plug-in hybrid buses and pure electric buses, speed up the pure electric drive Bus industry cultivation, national and local policies to support the exchange of electricity infrastructure and implementation of preferential tariffs; Finally, improve the construction of relevant laws and standards to ensure product safety and reliability, in order to drive the overall energy and industrial competitiveness of the new energy automotive industry The promotion.