Water treatment is a critical process that ensures the safe discharge of treated water into the environment. Monitoring and evaluating key parameters in wastewater treatment is essential to guarantee that the final effluent meets safety standards before being released. Let's explore 13 important indicators in wastewater treatment with Song Phung Water Industry equipment.
Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) measures the amount of oxygen dissolved in water, which is crucial for the survival and growth of aerobic microorganisms. The typical DO level in water ranges from 8 to 10 ppm. Maintaining appropriate DO levels ensures efficient biological degradation of organic matter. If DO levels are too low, anaerobic bacteria may dominate, affecting the biological treatment process and causing foul odors.Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) measures the amount of oxygen required by microorganisms to decompose organic matter in water over a specific period. High BOD levels indicate significant organic pollution, often found in domestic, food processing, and agricultural wastewater. Reducing BOD after treatment is a sign that the wastewater has been properly cleaned before discharge.Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) measures the amount of oxygen needed to oxidize both organic and inorganic substances in water. It is an important parameter for assessing the overall pollution level of wastewater. According to QCVN 24:2009, industrial wastewater should have a COD level of no more than 100 mg/L before discharge. Lowering COD helps ensure that the wastewater does not negatively impact receiving water bodies.Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) refers to the total amount of suspended solids in water, including soil, sludge, and organic particles. High TSS levels can cause turbidity, reduce light penetration, and affect aquatic plant photosynthesis. This can lead to reduced dissolved oxygen levels, making it difficult for fish and other aquatic organisms to survive. Controlling TSS through sedimentation and filtration systems is essential for maintaining water quality.Oils and Fats
Oils and fats are non-water-soluble substances commonly found in domestic and industrial wastewater. They can clog pipes and interfere with the performance of microorganisms and treatment equipment. According to QCVN 14:2008, the maximum allowable oil and fat content in wastewater discharged into drinking water sources is 5 mg/L, and 10 mg/L for non-drinking water sources. Oil separators are effective solutions for controlling this parameter.Nitrogen
Nitrogen exists in various forms such as ammonia (NH3), nitrate (NO3-), and nitrite (NO2-). It is commonly found in domestic wastewater and can cause water pollution if not properly treated. Excess nitrogen can lead to eutrophication, disrupting aquatic ecosystems.Phosphorus
Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for bacterial growth but can cause environmental pollution when present in excess. High phosphorus levels promote algal blooms, leading to eutrophication and water quality degradation. Effective phosphorus removal is crucial for protecting water resources and preventing long-term pollution.Turbidity
Turbidity occurs when water contains suspended particles such as soil, sand, and organic matter. These particles scatter light, making the water appear cloudy. The standard limit for turbidity in drinking water is 2 NTU. High turbidity can hinder disinfection processes and affect the aesthetic quality of the treated water. Reducing turbidity improves water clarity and enhances disinfection efficiency.Color
Water color is often caused by organic compounds or dyes from industries like textile dyeing. Discharging colored wastewater can harm the aesthetic value and contain toxic substances that affect the receiving water bodies. Regulations set different limits based on the type of water source, with maximum allowable values of 50 Pt-Co for drinking water sources and 150 Pt-Co for non-drinking water sources. Specialized color removal systems help achieve compliance.pH
pH measures the acidity or alkalinity of water on a scale from 0 to 14. Microorganisms in wastewater treatment systems function optimally between pH 6.5 and 8.5. Maintaining a neutral pH around 6.8 to 7.2 ensures the effectiveness of biological and chemical processes. Extreme pH levels can damage aquatic life and disrupt treatment efficiency.Temperature
Temperature affects the rate of chemical reactions and microbial activity during wastewater treatment. Optimal temperatures for microbial activity range from 20 to 30°C. Both excessively high and low temperatures can disrupt microbial functions, reducing treatment efficiency.Salinity
Salinity measures the concentration of dissolved salts in wastewater. High salinity can inhibit biological treatment processes and harm the natural environment. Industries such as food and aquaculture must carefully monitor and control salinity levels to protect ecosystems and optimize biological processes.Electrical Conductivity (EC)
Electrical Conductivity (EC) reflects the ability of water to conduct electricity, indicating the presence of dissolved ions. Pure water has very low conductivity, while the presence of pollutants increases EC. Monitoring EC helps assess the presence of inorganic pollutants and the effectiveness of the treatment process. Monitoring and managing these key parameters in wastewater treatment is essential for ensuring environmental safety and public health. Song Phuung Water Industry is committed to supporting businesses in optimizing their water treatment processes and achieving quality standards. Contact us today for expert advice on the most effective wastewater treatment solutions!alloy calcium metal,98.5 calcium metal,Metal Ca Lump,Ca Metal Briquette
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